
مقاله SPE شماره 71074
Friction Pressure Correlation for Guar-Based Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids

مقاله SPE شماره 71074

مقاله SPE 71094

مقاله SPE شماره 71035

Foreword ix
Preface xi
The authors xiii
Acknowledgements xv
List of figures and tables xvii
Structure of the book xxiii
Part 1 Streets for Life: Why? 1
Chapter 1 Origins of the Streets for Life concept 3
Chapter 2 The need for dementia-friendly streets 17
Chapter 3 Older people’s experiences of their local streets 33
Part 2 Streets for Life: How? 49
Introduction to Part 2 50
Chapter 4 Familiarity 51
Chapter 5 Legibility 64
Chapter 6 Distinctiveness 78
Chapter 7 Accessibility 92
Chapter 8 Comfort 104
Chapter 9 Safety 115
Part 3 Streets for Life: The Future? 129
Chapter 10 Streets for Life in practice 131
Chapter 11 Going further with Streets for Life 150
Bibliography 166
Index 172

a b s t r a c t
Understanding security failures of cryptographic protocols is the key to both patching
existing protocols and designing future schemes. In this work, we investigate two recent
proposals in the area of smart-card-based password authentication for security-critical
real-time data access applications in hierarchical wireless sensor networks (HWSN). Firstly,
we analyze an efficient and DoS-resistant user authentication scheme introduced by Fan
et al. in 2011. This protocol is the first attempt to address the problems of user authenti-
cation in HWSN and only involves lightweight cryptographic primitives, such as one-
way hash function and XOR operations, and thus it is claimed to be suitable for the
resource-constrained HWSN environments. However, it actually has several security loop-
holes being overlooked, and we show it is vulnerable to user anonymity violation attack,
smart card security breach attack, sensor node capture attack and privileged insider attack,
as well as its other practical pitfalls. Then, A.K. Das et al.’s protocol is scrutinized, and we
point out that it cannot achieve the claimed security goals: (1) It is prone to smart card
security breach attack; (2) it fails to withstand privileged insider attack; and (3) it suffers
from the defect of server master key disclosure. Our cryptanalysis results discourage any
practical use of these two schemes and reveal some subtleties and challenges in designing
this type of schemes. Furthermore, using the above two foremost schemes as case studies,
we take a first step towards investigating the underlying rationale of the identified security
failures, putting forward three basic principles which we believe will be valuable to proto-
col designers for advancing more robust two-factor authentication schemes for HWSN in
the future.